Until 1985: The Dawn of Gaming
At first, there was Pong. Games thrived in the late 70s and early 80s, and there were games of questionnable quality to promote practically everything. The Atari 2600 was the first successful gaming console, but too many bad games and the competition of affordable home computers (especially the C64) sent the videogame market crashing in 1983.
Even though the majority of games were simple action-oriented titles, some ambitious projects like M.U.L.E. or Elite already showed that games could be much more than something only 10-year-old kids could have fun with. While Infocom made sure that the text adventure became the "king of the genres" for more mature gamers in this time, early Ultima and Wizardry games introduced RPGs to digital gaming.
Popular systems: C64, Apple II, Atari 800, Sinclair Spectrum, Atari 2600/7800, Intellivision
Games of note: Pong, Space Invaders, Centipede, Pac Man, M.U.L.E., Elite, Donkey Kong, Ultima, Wizardry, Zork
1985-1990: 8-bit-heyday and Rise of 16 bit
Games became more sophisticated in the late 80s. Designers tried to explore the boundaries of the hardware more and more and pushed it to its limits. Graphics became a more and more important part of games. The text adventure's slow downfall as a genre was driven by Sierra's and Lucasfilm Games' (later LucasArts) graphic adventures. Successful arcade game conversions like R-Type or Bubble Bobble were just as successful as exclusive new titles like The Last Ninja.
The C64 remained the most popular home computer, but its successors were already rising, mainly the Amiga and Atari ST. Those 16 bit machines were a lot more powerful and came with an input devide that wasn't well-established yet - the mouse. Dungeon Master was the best example of the complexity and atmosphere that could be achieved with the new machines and became such a timeless classic that even today people talk about it on the internet.
This age was also the beginning of the love of puzzle games, especially among people who traditionally weren't gamers. Tetris was largely responsible for this.
After the crash of 1983, the video game market recovered, mainly because of Nintendo's NES and its masterpiece Super Mario Bros. Sega was the only company to rival Nintendo's success with their Master System - a war that would continue for more than a decade.
Popular systems: C64, Amiga, Atari ST, NES, Sega Master System
Games of note: Dungeon Master, Tetris, The Bard's Tale, The Last Ninja, International Karate, R-Type, Pool of Radiance, Sim City, Maniac Mansion, Super Mario Bros., The Legend of Zelda
1990-1995: The Golden Age of 2D gaming
In the early 1990s, the IBM-compatible PC took over the scepter of the most popular computer for gaming from the Amiga. The constant desire to make the games more complex and visually more appealing meant that players were more likely to upgrade their machine bit by bit instead of buying a completely new system. Plus, games like Wing Commander and especially the tremendously popular and influential Doom proved that fast-paced action was possible on the PC, contrary to popular belief in the late 80s.
In general, games got bigger and more complex - and easier, which made them more accessible to casual gamers. Concepts that were known for years were brought to perfection in games like Super Mario World, Turrican 2 or Super Metroid. This age also saw the rise of simple fighting games, mainly due to the success of Street Fighter II. Double Dragon and International Karate were popular before, but the formula of Street Fighter II is still copied until this day. Also, the overlooked Dune 2 created the real-time strategy subgenre which proved very successful with games like Command & Conquer and Warcraft over the next few years.
Nintendo and Sega continued their console war with the Super NES and Mega Drive/Genesis, and even though Sega was the first with the new 16 bit hardware, it was once again Nintendo who proved victorious.
Popular Systems: PC, Amiga, Super NES, Sega Mega Drive/Genesis
Games of note: Doom, Turrican, Wing Commander, The Secret of Monkey Island, Super Mario World, Street Fighter II, Super Metroid, Sonic the Hedgehog, Chrono Trigger
1995-2000: The Jump into the Third Dimension
First-person perspective wasn't exactly new by the middle of the 1990s, but so far, many games like Doom or Dungeon Master sort of cheated by creating everything in 2D and then adjusting it to the perspective. By the middle of the 1990s, real 3D objects were possible in large environments with lots of details. Quake was the natural successor to Doom, many successful franchises like Castlevania and Mario moved to 3D, and new concepts could be realized. Classic 2D genres like Shoot'em Ups or Jump and Runs slowly disappeared.
The new CD technology also meant that far more space was available which led to masses of high quality graphics and made speech in games a standard.
Sony was the new kid on the block on the console market and surprised everyone by taking the market by storm. Only Nintendo was able to mount some competition, even though the N64 still held onto the old cartridge technology.
Popular systems: PC, Sony PlayStation, Nintendo 64
Games of note: Quake, Half-Life, Starcraft, Diablo, Tomb Raider, Resident Evil, Super Mario 64, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Tekken, Ridge Racer, Soul Calibur, Metal Gear Solid, Final Fantasy VII
2000-2005: Online-Gaming for the masses
Playing games online became popular in the late 1990's, especially for first-person shooters and real-time strategy games. Blizzard was very successful with its special online-service called Battle.Net which enabled playing Starcraft or Diablo with others. Also, Ultima Online, released in 1997, was the first MMORPG. But it wasn't until the new millennium that online gaming really moved the masses. More bandwidth and lower prices meant that every gamer could use the internet as a medium to play.
Online gaming also reached the consoles, though in much tinier scope than on computers. While Sega's Dreamcast, the first console to feature a modem, was a failure (and Sega's last hardware product), Sony and new contender Microsoft had at least mild success with going online.
But apart from the online activity, little changed. Most games were just sequels or rehashes of older ideas with prettier graphics.
Popular systems: PC, Sony PlayStation 2, Microsoft XBox, Nintendo GameCube
Games of note: World of Warcraft, The Elder Scrolls: Morrowind, Resident Evil 4, Halo, God of War, Metroid Prime
2005-now: Party games galore
While the trend of "everything you've seen 10 years ago, only with prettier graphics" continues (especially on the PC sector), the console market is trying hard to acquire new groups of customers. Games like Singstar or Buzz for the PlayStation 2 were already an indication, bringing their own psecial "controllers" (microphones and buzzers) with them. Guitar Hero and Rock Band continued the trend of adding new controllers for a different kind of gaming, while Nintendo went one step further and created a whole system based upon new, innovative controls, the Wii.
Popular systems: PC, Sony Playstation 3, Microsoft XBox 360, Nintendo Wii
Games of Note: The Elder Scrolls: Oblivion, BioShock, Wii Sports, Super Mario Galaxy
Well, there you have it, my attempt to break the history of gaming down into several chapters. My favourite is either 1985-1990 or 1990-1995; but considering my favourite game of all time was made in 1987, I feel obliged to vote for 1985-1990. It's probably easy to tell that my least favourite ages are everything after the year 2000.
What about you? Which age of gaming did you enjoy most? Is the stuff I wrote even remotely traceable? Discuss!
